Abror Gadaev*, Anvar Juraev, and Sevara Usanova

Samarkand State Architectural and Construction University, Samarkand, Uzbekistan

Abstract: Uzbekistan is one of the most water resources limited regions and it needs better sustainable water management. The global ecological problem as the Aral Sea disaster makes it more urgent not only for one nation but also for the all CentralAsian region. Region needs to be developed by following SDG and the same time to save water resources. The balance of the ground water resources in the region is environmentally safe and enough by quantity and also hydrologically. It is due to the use of huge number of the water wells as artesian and also drainage wells. At the UZWATER National center of SamSACU the studies on the clogging deposits as the chemically and mineralogically multicomponent complex composition particles and their removal/declogging rehabilitation of the water wells are carried out. A rehabilitation technology effective for the region with dry andhot climate and environmentally safe water wells by using complex reagents such as oxyethylidenediphosphonic acid and nitrilotrimethylphosphonic acid in combination with carbon dioxide will help to remove of the clogging deposits and a stable filtration process and work of the water wells.

1 Introduction

Increasing the number of the population and industrial enterprises as consumers leads to increasing in their demand for water and, accordingly, the number, capacity and costs of water wells increase. In order to supply by water of consumers, in most cases, additional wells are built, the cost of which is much higher than prolongation of the old ones. This article is devoted to the water wells rehabilitation technology by using complex acids and following SDGs in the region of Uzbekistan. Operation of the water wells in the condition of poor groundwater quality, in high water rigidity and climate change are the most causes for the result of the salt depositions, filter corrosion in the pores and on the surface of the water well filters as well as near filter zones. It leads to decreasing in the productivity of wells.

2 Analysis

The main reason for this crisis is water resources mismanagement and it has been affected to Amudarya and the Sirdarya rivers. Uzbekistan’s drinking water mainly comes from ground water sources and it consists 85- 90 % of the general water budget of the country. Nowadays ground water has been using in the rural economy as the agricultural irrigation system. It helps to save more surface waters. Very important moment is how to balance economic development of the region and a natural resource which follows sustainability rules. Countries in Central Asia share existing water resources and the same time share the water issues in the region. As a region is multinational so, agreements on the water resources using and management is required. Nowadays Aral Sea basin and surrounding territories have huge ecological disaster related to the water management and using. Statistics show that in early 20th century on the region was 7-8 million people and irrigation was done on the land of about 3.5 million hectares. Irrigation style, tools and network system also was on the different level. Society is developing and population of the region has increased 7 times and irrigated lands have more than doubled (7.5-7.9 million hectares). Aral Sea needs 60 cubic km per year which could keep the sea surface of the Aral Sea in normal condition. The water flow to the Aral Sea has been a sharp decrease and by 2002 was less than one cubic kilometer per year. Geographical location and climatic changes say that ground waters could be used for domestic, industrial and agricultural water supply system and it could be one of the best environmental solutions. As it needs thousands of water wells and their normal operational life time will be very important. This article is about the water well operating issues and their rehabilitation for a prolongation of their life time. The main question is how to sustain of the water well using and effective operation. It is complicated issue because of sharp climate change in the region as well as with the water resources limitation. There are some specific water shortage and climate change problems. For improving water supply system efficiency at all, following SDG rules in the region, offered alternative water sources using and reusing, watershed management. To improve current water situation there is a need for the new effective and water saving technologies.

3 Results and discussion

Changing a water situation needs some new sustainable approaches to solve water problems in the region. We offer one of the sustainable water resources managements by using innovative water well rehabilitation technology as combined with reagent and impulsive influence to the clogging deposits. In this article we offer an alternative approach to safe surface waters in the region by using ground water technologies. If we analyse a water demand and water resources availability in the region [ 4] it shows: 

Table 1. Water formation and water using statistics in CA countries.